Descriptive Title (not just "Lab Report")
(Include the section headings shown here)

Introduction

Describe the known effects of temperature and epinephrine on the heart rate of any animal, e.g., human, or on animals in general. Do not describe any other effects they may have on animals. Find this information in references, which must be cited (Villee et al., 1989). Provide enough background information so that your hypotheses follow from it and make sense. Use language clear to Biology 102 students. Then state the purpose of the present study, explaining what a daphnia is and why it is a good subject for this experiment.

Hypothesis

In view of information presented above, predict the general effect of temperature on daphnia's heart rate (do not predict specific numbers). Also predict the effect of epinephrine on daphnia's heart rate.

Materials and Methods

Using the past tense, describe the materials and methods you used only generally, i.e, how you counted the heart rate and how you manipulated the environmental conditions. Then cite the Study Guide.

Results

Include (1) data tables, (2) graphs (on real graph paper or computer-generated), and (3) a short statement in words of the main trends of the results. Do not make any interpretation in this section.

Discussion and Conclusion

(1) Interpret the results and explain your reasoning. Try to explain why it happened in terms of known biological concepts.

(2) State whether the results were what you predicted and whether changes were large (significant) or small (insignificant). Comment on the consistency, accuracy, and reliability of your results in reference to your methods, e.g., whether a large number of subjects was studied, how accurate the temperature and epinephrine levels were, and how accurate the counting procedure was. State what you would have to do to be more certain of your results.

(3) Finally, state whether and to what extent your results supported or did not support your hypotheses.
 
 

Literature Cited

List your references in alphabetical order by first author's last name. See the Appendix of your Study Guide for the proper format for citing references both in this section and in the body of your Lab Report. You must use and cite at least two different references.