The outline allows you to organize your thoughts so that they will be easier for the audience to follow.

Select a Pattern of Arrangement

There are a number of ways to organize your argument. The most common is the topical pattern in which you argue your three to five main points in no particular order.

In demonstration talks, it is common to use a chronological or sequential pattern of organization. Thus, the audience can follow along as you describe how to do something or how somethings works.

In persuasive speeches, it is common to use a motivated sequence with a problem-solution pattern. You discuss a need that exists and then suggest a possible solution or remedy.

Explore these patterns in the links to the right.

Develop Supporting Arguments

Support items include the research studies, examples from your own experiences and visual aids that make your arguments easier to digest.

Each main point needs to have support. Be parsimonious in your use of statistics and visual aids - these are akin to condiments on a sandwich; a little goes a long way.

Be sure to cite your sources in the talk when you are referencing an expert study, quotation or illustration. Notice how news anchors do this in the media for examples:

For Example:

"According to communication expert Nan Peck, visuals aids should be big, bold and brief."

Suggest Introduction and Conclusion

As you are incubating about your thesis and support, you may find an inspiration for your attention-getting device. Bursts of creativity tend to come as you are working on the substance of your talk..Don't worry if this takes awhile. Deciding on your opening and closing are Step 8 of this blueprint.

• Tell 'Em What You're Gonna Talk About
• Talk About It
• Tell 'Em What You Just Talked About