TIMELINE

1859               Sardinia gains control over Lombardy

1860               Garibaldi & Cavour conquer most of Italy

1862               Bismarck becomes German Chancellor

1863               War over Schweslig-Holstein

1866               Austro-Prussian War

1870               Franco-Prussian War

                        Venice incorporated into Italy

I. Italian Unification

Kingdom of Sardinia begins expansion under Camillo Benso di Cavour (1859)

Italian Nationalism

Giuseppe Mazzini, Giuseppe Verdi, Giuseppe Garibaldi

Italian national state completed 1870

II. German Unification

Prussian Society

Liberals vs. Conservatives

German Nationalism

Otto von Bismarck – chancellor in 1862

Architect of the modern German state

Bismarck’s Three Wars towards unification

Schleswig & Holstein (1863)

Austro-Prussian War  (1866)

Franco-Prussian War (1870)

Aftermath

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