"Kyrie" Rating: Five Planets
by Poul Anderson  
pub. The Farthest Reaches, 1968  
   
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Preview
Eloise Waggoner lives with her experience as a special communications technician on the Supernova Sagitarrii expedition; her job is to communicate with the Aurigean Lucifer who has the ability to approach the phenomenon much more closely than the human ship and crew.

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Background Data

Atom BulletThis story is one of the earliest astronomical science fiction stories to speculate about black holes.

Atom BulletThis story is classic science fiction, a deep, many-layered blending of conventional science fiction symbols.

Atom BulletThe story revolves around the concept of the black hole:

  • when a star collapses it folds in on itself; if it reaches a point of no return where the gravity pulling on it is stronger than the nuclear and electric forces, nothing can stop it from collapsing and it becomes a black hole
  • an intense gravitational field affects time in the same way that high velocity does; i.e., it slows time down
  • the critical diameter--the point at which there is no turning back--is the Schwarzschild radius, also known as the event horizon; here at the event horizon no more information can be transmitted out of the black hole because gravity has become so strong
  • the collapse appears frozen at the Schwarzschild radius
Atom BulletThe story combines careful scientific extrapolation with a romantic tale of heroic sacrifice and doomed love.

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Navigation Guide
Atom BulletWhy does the story begin in a convent on Luna (the moon)?

Atom BulletCharacterize

  • Captain Szili
  • the physicist Maznundar
  • Eloise Waggoner

How are these characters stereotypical of their roles and gender?

Atom BulletExplain the nature of the Supernova Sagittarii mission and its potential hazards.
Atom BulletCharacterize Lucifer. What is his role in this mission?
Atom BulletWhat happens when the ship makes the jump that brings it closest to the supernova?
Atom BulletWhat happens to Lucifer? What happens to Eloise? Why?

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Further Exploration

Atom BulletChristian beliefs and symbols permeate the story

  • The title of the story
  • The prayer for the dead
  • Lucifer--the name of the Aurigean
  • Eloise--the name of the protagonist
Atom BulletThe story focuses on Eloise's relationship with Lucifer
Atom BulletCompare "Kyrie" to "The Cold Equations"; both juxtapose sentimental and the coldly rational elements.
Atom BulletCompare this story to Frederik Pohl's Gateway and Larry Niven's Neutron Star, also featuring black holes.

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© 2002 Agatha Taormina
Last Revised: January 4, 2005