NVCC
COLLEGE-WIDE COURSE CONTENT SUMMARY
BIO 231 - HUMAN
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I (4 CR.)
Revised 1/97
COURSE DESCRIPTION
Integrates the study
of gross and microscopic anatomy with physiology emphasizing the analysis
and interpretation of physiological data. Prerequisites are one year of
college biology and one year of college chemistry or divisional approval.
Lecture 3 hours. Recitation and laboratory 3 hours. Total 6 hours per week.
GENERAL COURSE PURPOSE
The purpose of this
college transfer course is to provide the student with an opportunity to
study the bodily structure through anatomical studies and the fundamental
biological, chemical, and physical principles that govern the physiology
of the human body.
The course is designed
for students pursuing programs in pre-medicine, pre-dentistry, nursing,
physical therapy, physical education, medical technology, selected paramedical
areas, and biology.
ENTRY LEVEL COMPETENCIES
Prerequisite skills
and information necessary for entrance to the course may be obtained from
a first year introductory biology course. Introductory abilities should
include use of elementary chemical symbols and notations; understanding
of the basic biological processes such as cellular respiration, cell division,
cell membrane processes, and protein synthesis, and ability to explain
how homeostatic controls can regulate body functions.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of
this course, the student will be able to:
INTRODUCTORY PRINCIPLES
& CONCEPTS
A. name and locate
the principal body cavities and the major organs within the cavities
B. identify the organ-systems
of the human body and their respective major functions
C. define and use
anatomical terms to describe relationships of the body parts.
D. identify the major
components of a typical cell and their respective functions
E. describe the four
major classes or organic compounds - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and
nucleic acids - their building blocks, functional chemical groups, and
their role in human physiology
F. briefly distinguish
among glycolysis, Krebs citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and
lactic acid fermentation in respect to location, substrates, products,
and ATP production
G. describe the major
events of mitosis
H. outline the process
of protein synthesis
TISSUES, MEMBRANES &
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
A. identify the major
tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous, their respective
functions, and cite examples of each type
B. distinguish between
the mucous, serous, cutaneous and synovial membranes and identify their
locations in the body
C. contrast exocrine
and endocrine glands, giving examples of each types
D. describe the major
components of the integumentary system and their functions
SKELETAL SYSTEM
A. describe the functions
of the skeletal system
B. identify the major
divisions of the skeletal system and the major bones of each division
C. distinguish between
endochondral/intracartilaginous and intramembranous bond development
D. locate and describe
the major type of articulations
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
A. explain the biochemistry,
mechanics, and regulation of muscle contraction
B. identify the major
muscles of the body and their actions, origins, and insertions
C. differentiate between
the various muscle types in form and function
NERVOUS SYSTEM & SPECIAL
SENSES
A. identify the structure
and function of the various types of nervous system cells, neurons and
neuroglial
B. describe the electrochemical
events of nerve transmission
C. identify the major
subdivisions of the nervous system and their components
D. trace the pathway
of a nerve impulse through a reflex arc
E. describe the basic
brain and spinal cord structure and the major functions of each
F. describe the major
sensory and motor pathways
G. describe the origin,
composition and functions of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), and trace the
path of the CSF through the brain and spinal cord
H. outline the mechanisms
by which sensory information is received and transmitted through the nervous
system
I. identify the sensory
organs, their component parts and their mechanisms of detecting the environment
J. discuss the processing
of sensory information and the events culminating in a motor response
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
A. using a homeostatic
model, explain negative and positive feedback
B. identify the endocrine
glands, their secretions, and regulatory mechanisms that control their
activities
C. describe how the
homeostatic controls of the endocrine system permit integration of the
multi-system body
D. distinguish between
the consequences of hypo- and hypersecretion of the glands
MAJOR TOPICS TO BE
INCLUDED
A. Organization of
the body
B. Cellular organization
and function
C. Tissues, membranes
and integumentary system
D. Skeletal system
E. Muscular system
F. Nervous system
and special senses
G. Endocrine system
Laboratory topics and
activities should be parallel with the lecture topics with emphasis upon:
A. Comparative studies
using cat dissection
B. Observational studies
using models of the human body
C. Microscopic studies
D. Physiographic exercises
OPTIONAL TOPICS
A. Micro pathology
B. Treatment modalities
C. Diagnostic procedures
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