COURSE DESCRIPTION

Introduces general pathology with consideration of the common diseases affecting the human body. Particular emphasis is given to the study of pathological conditions of the mouth, teeth and their supporting structures. Lecture 2 hours per week

GENERAL COURSE PURPOSE

This course is included in the Dental Hygiene curriculum to offer the student an understanding of abnormal disease conditions in the oral cavity and head and neck region. This information will be utilized in clinical practice both radiographically and clinically to heighten an awareness of the student to abnormal pathologic conditions.

ENTRY LEVEL COMPETENCIES

Successful completion of one semester of the dental hygiene program.

COURSE OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of the course and as a result of class participation, clinical procedures and reading assignments, the student should be able to accomplish the following objectives with at least 75% accuracy.

1. Define or characterize: pathology, pathogenesis, prognosis, necrosis, inflammation, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, cellulitis, abscess, ulcer, phlegmon, exudate, diapedesis, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, granulation tissue, organization.
2. List the cell types involved in inflammation and give their principle source and their function in the inflammatory process.
2. Describe in chronological order the series of events from initial mild irritation to return to normal.
2. Differentiate between acute, chronic, and granulomatous inflammation.
2. Contrast healing by first intention (primary union) with healing by second intention (secondary union).
2. List and characterize some factors responsible for the failure of healing of soft tissue and bone.
2. Compare the relative regenerative powers of human tissues.
2. Define or characterize antigens, antibodies, hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, immunity, autoimmune reaction.
2. List the classes of antibodies and characterize their role in the immune system.
2. List the two universes of the immune response and their cellular aspects.
2. Classify immunity.
2. List the fat and water soluble vitamins.
2. List the clinical signs of deficiency for each vitamin.
2. Define and describe the princple clinical manifestation of the following hematologic disorders with emphasis on specific oral manifestations.

1. Pernicious anemia
2. Sickle cell anemia
3. Aplastic Anemia
4. Erythroblastosis fetalis
5. Plummer-Vinson syndrome
6. Polycythemia
7. Leukopenia
8. Agranulocytosis
9. Cyclic Neutropenia
10. Leukocytosis
11. Purpura
12. Hemophilia
13. Mononucleosis

1. Characterize and describe the clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Syphilis
2. Tuberculosis
3. Actinomycosis

1. List the signs and symptoms, course and outcome of each of the conditions listed above.
2. Characterize and describe and clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Lichen planus
2. Psoriasis
3. Leukoplakia
4. White sponge nevus
5. White hairy tongue
6. Candidiasis (Moniliasis)
7. Fordyce's granules

1. Characterize and describe the clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Bullous Lichen Planus
2. Erythema multiforme
3. Pemphigus vulgaris
4. Bullous pemphigoid
5. Lupus erythematosus
6. Herpes simples
7. Aphthous ulcer

1. Define and describe the clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
2. Pyogenic granuloma
3. Peripheral ossifying fibroma
4. Peripheral giant cell granuloma
5. Irritation fibroma
6. Papillary hyperplasia

1. List the signs and symptoms of each of the conditions listed above
1. Recognize or diagnose each of the conditions listed above
2. List and discuss the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and control of dental caries
3. List the etiologic factors and clinical features of pulpitis
4. Characterize and describe the clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Pulpitis
2. Periapical Pathosis
3. Osteomyelitis (suppurative and chronic sclerosing)

1. Given a case history, projected radiograph, the student will be expected to identify radiographically the following:

1. Periapical Pathosis
2. Chronic Sclerosing Osteomyelitis

1. Characterize, recognize, and describe the clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Gemination
2. Fusion
3. Concrescence
4. Dilaceration
5. Dense in dent
6. Anodontia
7. Supernumerary teeth
8. Amelogensis impeerfecta
9. Enamel hypoplasia
10. Dentinogenesis imperfecta
11. Impacted teeth
12. Internal resorption
13. Discoloration of teeth due to tetracycline
14. Exogenous stains
15. Cleft lip and cleft palate

1. Given a case history, radiography and/or photograph, the student should be able to recognize the following:

1. Supernumerary teeth
2. Dentinogenesis imperfecta
3. Impacted teeth
4. Internal resorption

1. Define or characterize and discuss the clinical significance of the following:

1. Leukoplakia
2. Papilloma
3. Verruca Vulgaris
4. Nevus
5. Lipoma
6. Granular cell myoblastoma
7. Hemangioma
8. Lymphangioma
9. Neuroma
10. Neurofibroma
11. Neuro Lemoma

1. Recognize or diagnose the following:

1. Leukoplakia
2. Papilloma
3. Nevus
4. Lipoma
5. Hemangioma

1. Discuss the epidemiology of oral cancer
1. Define or characterize the discuss the clinical significance of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
2. Discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, course and outcome of epidermoid carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma
3. Define or characterize and discuss the clinical significance of the following:

1. Fibrosarcoma
2. Osteogenic sarcoma
3. Lymphoma
4. Leukemia
5. Multiple myeloma
6. Reticulum cell sarcoma
7. Ewing sarcoma

1. Classify cysts of the jaw
1. List the clinical and radiographic features of the following cysts and describe their treatment and prognosis:

1. Primordial cyst
2. Dentigerous cyst
3. Periodontal cyst
4. Gengival cyst
5. Odontogenic keratocyst
6. Gorline cyst
7. Median anterior maxillary cyst
8. Median palatal cyst
9. Globulomaxillary cyst
10. Naso alveolar cyst

1. Identify the following cysts from their clinical and radiographic appearance

1. Primordial cyst
2. Dentigerous cyst
3. Periodontal cyst

1. Classify odontogenic tumors
1. List the clinical and radiographic features of the following odontogenic tumors

1. Ameloblastoma
2. Adeno ameloblastoma
3. Pigmented neuroectodermal tumor
4. Cementoma
5. Odontoma

1. Classify the diseases of the salivary glands.
1. Characterize and discuss the clinical significance of each of the following:

1. Xerostomia
2. Sialodenitis
3. Sialolithiasis
4. Ranula
5. Mucous retention phenomena

1. List the benign and malignant tumors of salivary glands.
1. Define and list the signs and symptoms of the following:

1. Pleomorphic adenoma
2. Adenoid cystic carcinoma
3. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

1. Discuss the effect on the pulp of cavity prepration, filling materials, liners and cements
2. Define and give the clinical features and significance of the following, recognize:

1. Attrition
2. Abrasion
3. Erosion
4. Bruxism
5. Tooth Fractures
6. Ankylosis
7. Traumatic bone cyst
8. Trumatic ulcer
9. Contact dermatitis
10. Mucous retention phenomenon
11. Sialolithiasis
12. Focal osteoporotic bone marrow
13. Inflammatory fibrous typerplasia
14. Denture sore mouth
15. Nicotine stomatitis
16. Angioneurotic edema
17. Drug allergy
18. Contact stomatitis
19. Papillary hyperplasia
20. Ranula
21. Radiation injury