I.  ENGINE REPAIR
A.  General Engine Diagnosis; Removal and Reinstallation (R & R)
1  Identify and interpret engine concern; determine necessary action.  P-1
2  Research applicable vehicle and service information, such as internal engine operation, vehicle service history, service precautions, and technical service bulletins. P-1
3 Locate and interpret vehicle and major component identification numbers (VIN, vehicle certification labels, and calibration decals).  P-1
4  Inspect engine assembly for fuel, oil, coolant, and other leaks; determine necessary action.  P-1
5  Diagnose engine noises and vibrations; determine necessary action.  P-2
6  Diagnose the cause of excessive oil consumption, unusual engine exhaust color, odor, and sound; determine necessary action. P-2
7  Perform engine vacuum tests; determine necessary action. P-1
8  Perform cylinder power balance tests; determine necessary action.  P-1
9  Perform cylinder compression tests; determine necessary action. P-1
10  Perform cylinder leakage tests; determine necessary action.  P-1
11  Remove and reinstall engine in a late model front-wheel drive vehicle (OBDI or newer); reconnect all attaching components and restore the vehicle to running condition. P-1
12  Remove and reinstall engine in a late model rear-wheel drive vehicle (OBDI or newer); reconnect all attaching components and restore the vehicle to running condition. P-3
I.  ENGINE REPAIR
B.  Cylinder Head and Valve Train Diagnosis and Repair
1 Remove cylinder head(s); visually inspect cylinder head(s) for cracks; check gasket surface areas for warpage and leakage; check passage condition.  P-2
2  Install cylinder heads and gaskets; tighten according to manufacturer's specifications and procedures.  P-1
3  Inspect valve springs for squareness and free height comparison; determine necessary action.  P-2
4  Replace valve stem seals on an assembled engine; inspect valve spring retainers, locks, and valve grooves; determine necessary action.  P-2
5  Inspect valve guides for wear; check valve stem-to-guide clearance; determine necessary action.  P-3
6  Inspect valves and valve seats; determine necessary action.  P-3
7  Check valve face-to-seat contact and valve seat concentricity (runout); determine necessary action.  P-3
8  Check valve spring assembled height and valve stem height; determine necessary action.  P-3
9  Inspect pushrods, rocker arms, rocker arm pivots and shafts for wear, bending, cracks, looseness, and blocked oil passages (orifices); determine necessary action.  P-2
10  Inspect hydraulic or mechanical lifters; determine necessary action.  P-2
11  Adjust valves (mechanical or hydraulic lifters).  P-1
12  Inspect camshaft drives (including gear wear and backlash, sprocket and chain wear); determine necessary action.  P-2
13  Inspect and replace timing belts (chains), overhead camdrive sprockets, and tensioners; check belt/chain tension; adjust as necessary.  P-1
14  Inspect camshaft for runout, journal wear and lobe wear.  P-2
15  Inspect camshaft bearing surface for wear, damage, out-of-round, and alignment; determine necessary action.  P-3
16  Establish camshaft(s) timing and cam sensor indexing according to manufacturer's specifications and procedures.  P-1
I.  ENGINE REPAIR
C.  Engine Block Assembly Diagnosis and Repair
1  Disassemble engine block; clean and prepare components for inspection and reassembly.  P-2
2  Inspect engine block for visible cracks, passage condition, core and gallery plug condition, and surface warpage; determine necessary action.  P-2
3  Inspect internal and external threads; restore as needed (includes installing thread inserts).  P-2
4  Inspect and measure cylinder walls for damage, wear, and ridges; determine necessary action.  P-2
5  Deglaze and clean cylinder walls.  P-2
6  Inspect and measure camshaft bearings for wear, damage, out-of-round, and alignment; determine necessary action.  P-3
7  Inspect crankshaft for end play, straightness, journal damage, keyway damage, thrust flange and sealing surface condition, and visual surface cracks; check oil passage condition; measure journal wear; check crankshaft sensor reluctor ring (where applicable); determine necessary action.  P-2
8  Inspect and measure main and connecting rod bearings for damage, clearance, and end play; determine necessary action (includes the proper selection of bearings).  P-2
9  Identify piston and bearing wear patterns that indicate connecting rod alignment and main bearing bore problems; inspect rod alignment and bearing bore condition.  P-3
10  Inspect and measure pistons; determine necessary action.  P-2
11  Remove and replace piston pin.  P-3
12  Inspect, measure, and install piston rings.  P-1
13  Inspect auxiliary (balance, intermediate, idler, counterbalance or silencer) shaft(s); inspect shaft(s) and support bearings for damage and wear; determine necessary action; reinstall and time.  P-2
14  Inspect or replace crankshaft vibration damper (harmonic balancer).  P-3
15  Assemble the engine using gaskets, seals, and formed-in-place (tube-applied) sealants, thread sealers, etc. according to manufacturer's specifications.  P-2
I.  ENGINE REPAIR
D.  Lubrication and Cooling Systems Diagnosis and Repair
1  Perform oil pressure tests; determine necessary action.  P-1
2  Inspect oil pump gears or rotors, housing, pressure relief devices, and pump drive; perform necessary action.  P-2